The Opium War

The First Opium War or the First Anglo-Chinese War was fought between the British East Indian Company and the Qing Dynasty in China from 1839 to 1842 with the aim of forcing China to import British opium. Britain won the war and as a result gained control over Hong Kong.
Opium was used as medicine to cure diseases such as dysentery, cholera, as well as diarrhea. British wanted to trade with China for tea, but China did not wanted any help from them. So, in order to get the tea, British started to sell Opium to the Chinese people. They got addicted to Opium and the government was not happen with this situation. Almost all the population used the Opium. They traded large amount of sources, specially silver which weakened the economically badly.
Lin Tse-Hsua, an imperial commissioner, was the charge of organization for anti-opium. He wrote a letter to Queen Victoria of England, informing about the Opium. But,this did not work the way they wanted to. In 1840, the first attempt of Opium War started. This was the first drug war. China was not prepared for this war, since they were not advanced in technology like the British. The Treaty of Nanjing marked the beginning of foreign commercial and residential privileges in China. This helped the China to catch up the world in technology.

Mountains of the Moon

As the Europeans explored Africa, they had to faced following hardship;

1. The distance they had to cover to find out the location of the place where the Nile river started.
2. They did not have enough people and weapons.
3. They were attacked by the African Tribes.
   

The source of Nile River was named after a British Queen because, when the Europeans discoverd the source, they decided to name the source as "VICTORIA" as their queen was Victoria. Even though there are people living in that area, the source is still called Victoria.
As shown in the movie, Mountains Of The Moon, the Europeans were advanced in weapons while the Africans only had hand made tools. The Africans only had arrows while the Europeans had guns a cannons.
Taking over meant a lot to the Europeans because they could used the people as the slave and also get the goods that are located in Africa. Europeans very far better advanced than the Africans in many different ways.

Meiji Restoration

Matthew Perry were bulling Japan by the display of military might.When Perry arrived Japan with the ship and dropped anchor 26 miles off the coast, the Japanese were amazed by their technology and how the movement of ships with no sails.
Japan was falling back while other country like Europe were very advanced in technology. When the Meiji restoration occured, there was a vast change. Japanese started to follow the western countries. The books were translated to English and the education level got higher. They started creating new things in the factories. Japan transferred from undeveloped country to a very advanced industrialization country.
Japan is an archipelago, that means Japan is a chain or cluster of islands that is formed tectonically.

Karl Marx and Communism

Karl Marx idea of communism was that communism was created after the end of process of evolution. this evolution began with feudalism and passing through capitalism and socialism. he wanted to make a group all the socialist leaders living in different parts of Europe so they could all reunite.
Communism a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
Marx want Communism to take over the world because he wanted to help the poor people from the cruelty of the rich people. The Industrial Revolution was a heavy burden on the poor people. The rich people were getting richer and poor people were getting poorer. He wanted to share the money equally over all the people.
Marx saw bourgeoisie as the "bad guys" and he saw proletariat as the "good guys", because he did not like the idea of Industrial Revolution. He wanted to bring rights for the poor people. The rich people were taking over the country. They owned land and factories.The poor people had to work so hard for the money in order to survive. They could send their children to school because they were send to the factory to work. The result ended up as Child Labor.

Karl Marx and The Industrial Revolution

Marx had bad attitude towards the Industrial Revolution. He thought that since there are larger number on workers than the landlords. he quoted "workers of the world to unit." He formed an idea called Communism. He said that all the workers should be paid the same amount of wage. He wanted workers to control the government. He published a book, where there were quotes. People seemed to like his idea and they started to follow his path.
He did not liked it at all. He was against the Industrial Revolution. He did not like how the poor people were getting poor and the richer were getting richer. He also went against how the child were treated at the factories. He felt bad for all the people and children who were suffering from the Industrial Revolution.
He wanted to create something that would help the poor people have a better life and where the financial was distributed equally among all the people. He did not believed that all the people worked the same amount of work. People who work hard were poor and could support their family. But, people who just sat around telling others what to do, had many money and power on the people. Rich people owned houses and factories, having a luxuries life, but the poor people they barely have enough money to survive.

Nationalism and the Creation of Italy

Nationalism is the belief that one's greatest loyalty should not be to a kind or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history. An example of how you are Nationalism, is the like since i am from Nepal, and i live in USA. I still go to nepali party, charity show, games and other activities. Even though i am an American citizens, i still follow my cultures and belief. I go worship my gods and visit the monastries.

You show that you are a Nationlastic by following the steps of the leader who sacrificed their life for the country. We should pay tax and help the government build a strong country. We should follow the law and the rule that the government have created. If possible we should join the army,navy and marines to protect the country and the people in it.

Nationalism helped build the Italy. Italy was distributed into small pieces. Cavour wanted to grow more Sardinia's power, he did not wanted to unit the Italy. Red shirts was one of the famous army tribes. The city of Rome was under control of Italy, after the victory. It took a long time for the Italy to unit. Bismarck was one of the most ambitious king. This people went all the way to death to unit the country.

Italy was like a broken beads of a necklace. After it was united together and formed a huge country. It was a city-states. Giuseppe Mazzini was a ruler who supported nation-states. They won by working together.

Simon Bolivar

Bolivar captured Carcas on august 6 and two days later proclaimed the second Venezuelan republic. The Battle of Boyaca was one of his great victory. He was elected as the president of Gran Colombia. Antonio José de Sucre victory made him very proud and inspired. His armies, started conquering the other country. Bolivar and Sucre, they had a great fight against the Spanish Army.
Simon Bolivar is famous because he was a great leader. They wrote many great books. He also conquered many countries. He tried his best to combine all the country together and make it into one huge country (Gran Colombia).
There is a country named after him in South America in behalf on his honor. He helped Sucre defeat the Spanish army, and he was fighting for the South America unity.
He hated Napoleon since he betrayed the country. This inspired him to fight for the unity and his quest for revolution.